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Local Beer and Wine Privilege License Taxes

January 30, 2017

…of those Super Bowl six-packs purchased in North Carolina were sold by retailers that paid local privilege license taxes on their business activities. Beer and wine privilege license taxes are…

(Yet Another) Internet Sweepstakes Update

February 12, 2015

privilege license tax. If your city does not levy privilege license taxes on sweepstakes businesses, then there is no privilege license to issue. If your city does tax sweepstakes, then…

Legal Authority for Peddler Permit Fees

September 22, 2014

…taxes are a form of taxation. The North Carolina Supreme Court has (somewhat redundantly) described a privilege license tax as “a tax on the privilege of engaging in business” within…

Internet Sweepstakes, One Year Later

January 9, 2014

…my advice on the privilege license tax issues involved with internet sweepstakes. May cities that levy privilege license taxes on internet sweepstakes businesses continue taxing these businesses? Yes. The court…

Internet Sweepstakes Tax Challenged in Federal Court

April 29, 2010

…of Kannapolis violated the U.S. and N.C. Constitutions as well as state law when it adopted zoning regulations and privilege license taxes aimed at internet sweepstakes operators. When cities first…

Lesser Known Licensures: Landscape Contractors

July 16, 2024

…up landscape contractor licensees here to confirm the corporate license and the license qualifier, meaning the individual who is licensed within the company. How are landscape contractors different than landscape…

The Final Four of Tax Questions

April 11, 2013

…of my property tax collection book. Question 4: Are non-profit businesses exempt from privilege license taxes? Is a church bookstore liable for privilege license taxes? How about those cute little…

Tax Day at the N.C. Court of Appeals (Part 1)

May 3, 2012

…concerned internet sweepstakes privilege license taxes levied by Fayetteville, the other focused on the denial of a property tax exemption by Cabarrus County. Although both opinions include long discussions of…

Property Taxes on Internet Sweepstakes

January 9, 2017

…their general business privilege license tax authority in G.S. 160A-211. The North Carolina Supreme Court eventually ruled that at very high amounts these taxes were unconstitutional. The privilege license question…

Closed Session Deep Dive: Attorney-Client Privilege

May 7, 2024

…within the attorney-client privilege. Otherwise, the public body risks waiving this privilege. Additionally, if the board’s only justification for closed session is attorney-client privilege and it waives this privilege, then…

Ethics and Employee Email

August 1, 2012

…However, in deference to the bar’s interest in protecting the attorney client privilege, [the employer’s attorney] should err on the side of recognizing the privilege whenever an analysis of the…

Business Registration Programs: 10 Questions and Answers

August 28, 2015

My colleague Chris McLaughlin has blogged repeatedly about the legal impact of the General Assembly’s repeal last year of the statutory authority for most local privilege license taxes (“LPLTs”). (See…

What’s Next for Video Sweepstakes?

January 17, 2013

…of cities and towns are generating substantial revenue through privilege license taxes on these businesses and have not experienced increased crime or other problems with their local sweepstakes parlors. Roanoke…

Internet Sweepstakes Tax Update

March 12, 2010

…assumes several million dollars of 2010 revenue in just that one county. In response, more and more municipalities are creating new privilege license tax categories aimed at internet sweepstakes operators….

Contracting Without a License? Beware.

October 13, 2009

…projects where the local government contracts directly with a person or firm licensed under the electrical, plumbing, or heating and air conditioning licensing laws, as long as (1) a licensed…

Who Doesn’t Have a Voter ID?

December 5, 2013

…(For simplicity, let’s use “driver license” for both cards.) The goal was to see how many registered voters had a driver license and how many did not. Voters who do…

Ethics and the Role of the Local Government Attorney

October 9, 2014

…meeting requirements. But we don’t know the scope of that privilege because state courts have yet to tackle the issue. Under federal law, the attorney client privilege for organizations extends…

Land Use Regulation of Internet Sweepstakes Cafes

April 17, 2012

privilege license taxes on these businesses. But what about local land use regulation of these businesses? Can a small town zone them out? Can a city or county impose minimum…

North Carolina’s Voter Identification Requirements

September 4, 2012

…designed to give elections officials confidence related to the person’s identity. For that reason, a current drivers license would constitute an adequate ID even if the address on the license

Beyond the Property Tax

January 30, 2018

…elimination of local privilege license taxes in 2015. I’m hopeful this bulletin will answer many of the questions I frequently receive about other taxes and fees, including these: Can we…

The Two Key Questions for Property Tax Exemptions

October 13, 2011

…and state governments are generally exempt from all local taxes. But religious, educational and charitable organizations are not automatically exempt from other taxes and fees. Privilege license taxes, for example,…

Should North Carolina Bet Big on Sports Gambling?

November 11, 2021

…a one-time $200 million license fee for the two on-line sportsbooks it will authorize early next year. Most license fees are much lower. Here’s a sample: Initial License Fee Renewal…

Local Preferences in Public Contracting, Part 4

November 10, 2010

…the courts have said that direct public employment is not a privilege protected by the Clause, so the Privileges and Immunities Clause only comes into play when we’re talking about…

North Carolina’s Pending Abortion Legislation

May 8, 2023

…qualified physician who is licensed to practice in North Carolina and the abortion is performed in a hospital or clinic certified by the N.C. Department of Health and Human Services…

Open Meetings and Confidential Taxpayer Information

November 11, 2010

…issue could easily arise at the city level as well with privilege license taxes or occupancy taxes. Here’s an example from the county perspective: Tina Taxpayer has appealed Carolina County’s…

Quick-Reference Guide for Closed Sessions

March 13, 2014

…confidential or privileged information – (a)(1) Motion must state the name or citation of the law that renders the information confidential or privileged. Attendance is limited to people who legally…

Prohibition on Certain Contingent Fee Audit Contracts

July 13, 2012

…to any taxes imposed and/or collected by a county or municipality, including (but not necessarily limited to) privilege license taxes, local sales and use taxes, supplemental school taxes, special district…

“Fore!” Golf Carts and Local Taxes

November 22, 2017

…vehicle privilege license taxes? As my School of Government colleague Kara Millonzi describes here, these taxes are authorized by G.S. 20-97(b1). That subsection allows municipalities to levy taxes on “any…

2011 Purchasing and Contracting Legislative Wrap-Up

July 1, 2011

…more to be superintended by a licensed general contractor. (G.S. 87-1) Exempt from this requirement are building construction projects where the property owner intends to solely occupy the building being…

The FLSA’s Professional Duties Test – Part 1

August 13, 2014

…to a nursing degree that leads to a RN license or an engineering degree. Let’s break this test down. Advanced Knowledge “Work requiring advanced knowledge” means work that is predominantly…

2023 Child Welfare Legislative Changes

October 3, 2023

…are different from the standards that are used to license and approve non-relative foster family homes. A relative foster home licensed with the lower standards must receive the same payment…

Tax Day at the N.C. Court of Appeals (Part 2)

May 4, 2012

The Court of Appeals issued two opinions dealing with local taxes this week. In yesterday’s post I analyzed the opinion concerning Fayetteville’s privilege license taxes on internet sweepstakes. Today I…

What Didn’t Happen

July 19, 2012

…radically revise local privilege license taxes did not gain traction. Despite support from the governor, a bill that would have authorized both state and local taxation of internet sweepstakes died…

Bankruptcy and Tax Collection

February 10, 2011

…motor vehicles are incurred on the date an existing registration expires or a new registration is applied for. Other local taxes such as occupancy or privilege licenses are incurred on…

Tax Foreclosure Tips

July 28, 2011

…levied by local governments such as privilege license taxes, occupancy taxes, or prepared food/meal taxes, unless the taxing unit first sues the delinquent taxpayer and obtains a judgment for back…

Occupancy Tax 101

November 11, 2013

…occupancy taxes require a public hearing on the occupancy tax resolution. Just like privilege license taxes, food and beverage taxes and all other local taxes other than property taxes, occupancy…

Waiving Fees and Costs

May 13, 2010

privilege licenses taxes or ambulance fees or any other tax, fee or cost that can be collected as a property tax. Assuming that the tax, fee or cost is not…

Interest on Delinquent Taxes

December 1, 2011

…releases, click here. Do all of these rules also apply to interest charges on privilege license taxes, occupancy taxes, or other local taxes? No. The Machinery Act controls the collection…

Security for a Local Government Loan

January 28, 2014

…however, could not pledge local sales tax, animal tax, privilege license tax, or property tax proceeds because these are locally-levied taxes. The authority to issue special obligation (SO) bonds is…

Suped-Up Set-Off Debt Collection

July 29, 2010

…and privilege license taxes. The local government can’t be paid more than once and must refund any overpayments, of course. But there is no reason to wait to use debt…

Local Acts and General Laws: Another Look

September 12, 2012

…a procedure that contains every action necessary for the performance of a power, right, duty, function, privilege, or immunity, the two procedures may be used in the alternative and the…

Who May Attend a Closed Session?

November 21, 2013

…is for the purpose of preserving the attorney client privilege. Only those people who are within the privilege may legally attend. If anyone else attends, the privilege no longer exists….

Legal Ethics and Social Media

February 4, 2016

…against communicating with a represented party and raise attorney-client privilege concerns. NC 2012 FEO 7 discusses how and when the ethical prohibition against contacting represented parties in Rule 4.2(a) is…

Local Government Authority: Piecing it Together

February 8, 2012

…procedure that contains every action necessary for the performance of a power, right, duty, function, privilege, or immunity, the two procedures may be used in the alternative and the city…

More Legal Ethics Lessons from Penn State

February 26, 2019

[UPDATE 2/2020: Adopting reasoning similar to mine below, in March 2019 the Pennsylvania Disciplinary Board rejected the 2018 ethics report and recommendation and concluded that Baldwin violated the attorney-client privilege

Sunday Brunch Ordinances – Cheers!

July 8, 2017

…does the Brunch Bill authorize? State law has long prohibited the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages on a licensed premises before 12:00 noon on Sunday (GS 18A-1004(c)). Since 1963,…

New Property Tax Rules for Military Spouses

December 11, 2009

…state of domicile and the act of keeping the license continually in force, even though the military spouse obtains a North Carolina driver’s license, could be considered as additional evidence….

“Tag and Tax Together” One Year Later

August 29, 2014

…pay both DMV fees plus property taxes at the time of renewal. In March, the Raleigh News & Observer reported that license plate renewal rates were down 10% statewide and…

Road Trips Raise the Darndest Questions

July 19, 2013

…the child restraint system is designed for used with air bags. See G.S. 20-137.1(a1). 3. Can my license really be revoked for driving more than 75 miles per hour? It…

2013–A Year of Election Law Changes

September 3, 2013

…VIVA requires that a voter (with a couple of limited exceptions) will have to show one of the following forms of identification, with a photograph: NC drivers license NC DMV…

Mandating Water & Sewer Connections

July 30, 2024

…a professional engineer, licensed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 89C of the General Statutes. G.S. 160A-317; G.S. 87-97.2. Sanitary Districts. A sanitary district may require the owner of…

Who We Vote For in North Carolina

January 7, 2014

…like minimum age, except that the Attorney General must be a lawyer licensed to practice in North Carolina. There are seven Justices on the North Carolina Supreme Court and 15…

Do Election Laws Affect Voter Turnout?

March 7, 2014

…to go before an official of the local board of elections in person. Since then registration has been expanded to driver license offices and other government agencies, and now is…

Legislation Affecting Environmental Health Programs

July 18, 2011

…nor are therapeutic pools operated by a licensed medical facility or licensed physical therapist.) Public pools must obtain an operation permit, which may be issued only if the pool meets…

Taking (Personal) Advantage of Public Contracts

March 30, 2011

…says that “[n]o person or set of persons is entitled to exclusive or separate emoluments or privileges from the community but in consideration of public services.” This means that a…

Who Can Request Public Records?

May 10, 2013

…McBurney and Hurlbert are non-Virginians who claimed that the restriction violated the Privileges and Immunities and dormant Commerce Clauses of the United States Constitution. McBurney sought information from a public…

Holding Over After Your Term Ends

January 5, 2010

…to exercise all the powers and enjoy all the privileges of the office. But for how long? Appointive office. My term in office on a state commission has ended. The…

City of Albemarle v. Nance: Mountain or Molehill?

October 2, 2019

…and the city’s Code of Ordinances. G.S. 160A-12 describes how a municipality may exercise its corporate powers: All powers, functions, rights, privileges, and immunities of the corporation shall be exercised…

Utility Bill Postcards

September 24, 2010

…information—employer taxpayer identification numbers; driver’s license, state identification card, or passport numbers; checking or savings account numbers; credit or debit card numbers; digital signatures; personal identification codes; biometric data; fingerprints;…

Board of Equalization & Review Procedures

August 11, 2014

…the practice of law. Practicing law without a license is a criminal offense. G.S. Ch. 84, Art. 1. These facts lead to the conclusion that counties should not permit non-lawyers…

System Development Fees are the New Impact Fees

August 15, 2017

…detailed below, before enacting a fee a local government must obtain a written analysis from a financial professional or licensed professional engineer detailing how the fee is calculated.) Although the…

Provisional Voting in North Carolina

June 7, 2011

…permit voter registration by mail and at drivers’ license offices, public-assistance offices, and a few other public offices. In 1994, the North Carolina General Assembly passed state legislation to comply…

Verifying A Utility Applicant’s Identification

December 11, 2015

…are unexpired U.S. or foreign government-issued passports, driver’s licenses, or military ID cards, deeds, lease agreements, bills from other utility companies, W2s, birth certificates, marriage certificates, green cards, residence permits,…

Emergency and Exigency According to FEMA

October 14, 2024

…the contractor is adequately licensed—for example, a firm must be licensed as a general contractor pursuant to G.S. 87-1 if the contractor will be managing the construction of any building,…

Subdivision Performance Guarantees

February 7, 2014

…signed and sealed by a licensed engineer, land surveyor, or landscape architect. The ordinance, then, may require a stated percentage of that estimate. Jurisdictions may require some amount above the…

Legal Ethics Lessons from the Penn State Scandal

June 24, 2014

…Schultz, Curley and Spanier argue that they, not PSU, controlled the attorney-client privilege that applied to their confidential conversations. If true, then Baldwin breached her duty of confidentiality to the…

De Facto Officers Versus Intruders

October 22, 2010

…every litigant were privileged to question the lawful authority of a judge engaged in the full exercise of the functions of his judicial office. What does it take to become…

What Does It Mean to be Charitable?

March 20, 2017

…while many others were private, for-profit doctors with staff privileges or service contracts with the hospital. Faced with the hospital’s “labyrinthine” corporate and operational structure, the New Jersey court concluded…

Is North Carolina a Dillon’s Rule State?

October 24, 2012

…powers, rights, duties, functions, privileges, and immunities conferred upon them by law. To this end, the provisions of this Chapter and of local acts shall be broadly construed and grants…

Assessing Surcharges on Credit Card Payments

October 19, 2009

…card, or debit card. (I will refer to the different cards interchangeably.) A credit card company typically assesses on a merchant (including a government entity) several fees for the privilege

Perspective on the Separation of Powers Case

March 31, 2015

…executive privilege. Nixon sued, claiming the congressional directive violated separation of powers. In rejecting Nixon’s claim, the supreme court said his argument “rests upon an ‘archaic view of separation of…

Recordings by Government Officials

March 19, 2024

…exist to protect sensitive and often confidential information, including protected personnel matters, matters protected by attorney-client privilege, investigations into alleged criminal misconduct, and other sensitive matters. Disclosing protected information in…

Donating Property: Beware of Constitutional Constraints

April 13, 2015

…I, section 32, titled “Exclusive emoluments” says: “No person or set of persons is entitled to exclusive or separate emoluments or privileges from the community but in consideration of public…

Who Controls the Agenda?

April 16, 2013

…it won’t. An individual board member does not have a right to dictate the agenda. Rules typically allow individual board members to be recognized for a point of personal privilege,…

What are “Full and Accurate” Minutes?

January 22, 2019

…say that the defendant board of county commissioners had “not only the privilege, but the duty” to make the amendments necessary to ensure “that [its] proceedings were accurately entered upon…

Powers of Mayors

December 23, 2009

…voting privileges of a council member, but has no right to break a tie vote in which he or she participated. According to a database that describes forms of government…

Does the Board Have to Approve This?

August 18, 2011

…be exercised by the governing board. However, “a power, right, duty, function, privilege, or immunity that is conferred or imposed by law without direction or restriction as to how it…

Employers, GINA, and Family Medical History

September 6, 2011

…from discriminating in hiring, discharge, compensation, or the terms, privileges, or conditions of employment because of an individual’s genetic information. Harassment on account of genetic information is prohibited, as is…

City Obligations for Providing Services to Annexed Areas

January 30, 2020

…regulations in force in [the] municipality and shall be entitled to the same privileges and benefits as other parts of such municipality.” G.S. 160A-31(e) (voluntary contiguous), G.S.160A-58.3 (voluntary satellite), G.S….

Sidewalk Dining: Some Questions and Answers

September 13, 2013

…have been reluctant to extend municipal “sidewalk drinking” privileges to them because these clubs are often thought of as simply bars and taverns. There is also a definition of “restaurant”…

Service Animals in Government Buildings

December 14, 2015

…rights granted the person [under the state assistance animal law] or of any rights or privileges granted the general public with respect to being accompanied by animals or to charge…

Salaried Employees and the FLSA

October 30, 2013

…or local government funds unless services have actually been rendered. Article I, Section 32 provides, “No person or set of persons is entitled to exclusive or separate emoluments or privileges…

Local Government Authority to Regulate Traffic

September 2, 2010

…or misdemeanor pursuant to G.S. 20-141 was thought to be a more favorable outcome for drivers, as it required no appearance in court and carried no risk of collateral license

A Foreclosure Fiasco

September 26, 2016

…property to somebody else. (The real estate agent who facilitated this dubious sale was later investigated by the N.C. Real Estate Commission and voluntarily turned in his broker’s license.) In…

Can a Group Home be Zoned Out of the Neighborhood?

May 15, 2012

…this wording, which of the following group homes would be allowed to locate in that zoning district, assuming they secure the necessary social service license? A regional mental health support…

Changing Property Tax Values in a Pandemic

December 1, 2020

…Renew” that we receive from the Division of Motor Vehicles each year for our cars and trucks. That invitation is really a bill for both the annual license plate renewal…

Donations to Local Governments

November 30, 2016

licensed and recognized cash collection service.” Similarly, the budgeting statutes prohibit the expenditure of any funds by a local unit, unless those funds are first recognized as revenue in the…

Legislative Preview: Ideas from the Interim

January 24, 2017

…for determining whether or not to revoke the driver’s license of a person who has been adjudicated incompetent; Changing the DMV’s system for issuing and renewing special identification cards; and…

Can A Gentle Nudge Increase Tax Collections?

July 13, 2017

…driver’s license) or kind of gross (improving “aim” and minimizing rest room messes by placing the above-mentioned fly stickers in urinals). Regardless, behavioral economics proves that by applying what psychologists…

Magistrates and Same-sex Marriages

November 3, 2014

…in Brady v. Dean, 173 Vt. 542 (2001) (when town clerks expressed religious objections to issuing same-sex civil union licenses). As with the constitutional claims of public officials who object…

Waiving Interest on Property Taxes

October 11, 2017

…of those terms is “taxes”, which is defined in subsection -273(k) as “the principal amount of any property tax or dog license tax and costs, penalties, and interest.” That means…

Property Taxes and New Year’s Day

December 4, 2014

…valuation date, but ownership and situs is determined as of the registration or renewal date. G.S. 105-330.2. And we prorate motor vehicle taxes for owners who turn in their license

Statutory Internal Controls

December 20, 2017

…local government or public authority be deposited daily with the finance officer, in one or more official depositories, or with a properly licensed and recognized cash collection service. (A unit’s…

Daily Deposit Requirement

January 14, 2013

…“with the finance officer or in an official depository” or shall be “submit[ted] to a properly licensed and recognized cash collection service” daily. (See this blog post for a discussion…

Local Social Services Boards – New Book Now Available

August 21, 2023

…a registered nurse; two physicians licensed to practice medicine in North Carolina (one of whom must be a psychiatrist); a county commissioner; and “other persons, including members of the general…

Disclosing Utility Customer Billing Information

November 11, 2009

…information, including Social Security or employer taxpayer identification numbers; driver’s license, state identification card, or passport numbers; checking or savings account numbers; credit or debit card numbers; digital signatures; personal…

New Municipal Broadband Limitations

July 8, 2011

…cost of capital available to private communications service providers in the same locality and an amount equal to all taxes, licenses, fees, and other assessments that would apply to a…

New Limitation on Animal Control Ordinances

September 3, 2015

…next, but the current draft is limited to certain types of animals. It would not, for example, apply to the dangerous, wild, and ferocious pika. AMERICAN PIKA Image license: http://tinyurl.com/po3nzb9…

Free Speech Rights in Government Social Media Sites

March 3, 2010

…allow and control speech in public places has been established through cases involving everything from public parks and public meetings, to license plates, adopt-a-highway signs, advertisements on buses, and even…

2015 Powell Bill Changes

November 2, 2015

…construction, improvement, or repair projects. Beginning in FY2016-17, a municipality may levy up to a $30 motor vehicle license tax on any vehicle resident in the unit. See Section 29.27A…

Cleaning Up the Voter Rolls

October 4, 2011

…Voter Law, because it required that states allow citizens to apply to register to vote at drivers license offices and other governmental agencies, such as unemployment and public assistance offices….

Citizen Participation Information as Public Record

April 14, 2010

…as drivers’ license and bank account numbers. Another statute prohibits the release of any account number used for electronic payment. Local governments are also prohibited from disclosing individual information (name,…

FMLA Matters: Requiring Medical Certification for FMLA Leave

June 23, 2022

…leave when the qualifying condition is within their area of specialization: licensed MDs and ODs nurse practitioners dentists clinical psychologists clinical social workers nurse-midwives optometrists podiatrists chiropractors official Christian Science…

Does Zoning Have to Provide a Place for Everything?

May 10, 2010

…health, safety, or general welfare). Other uses with statutory protection include family care homes in residential districts, facilities with a state ABC license, and bona fide farm uses in county…

Property Tax Payment Plans

April 8, 2016

…Are payment plans public records subject to disclosure? Yes, but confidential information such as Social Security numbers, bank account numbers and drivers license numbers should be redacted (crossed out) before…

How Interim Budgets Might Impact Tax Collections

May 14, 2020

…taxpayer’s renewal notice. Taxpayers who pay in person at a license plate agency (“LPA”) operated by a third-party may wind up paying the old bill amount, because LPA’s usually don’t…

2016 Public Health Legislation Highlights

July 28, 2016

…the standing order. The law became effective June 20, 2016, and state health director Dr. Randall Williams issued a standing order that same day. Any licensed pharmacist in North Carolina…